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CBN Reveal Guidelines For Launching e-Naira Digital Currency Wallet

e-Naira

As Nigeria awaits the roll-out of the proposed Central Bank Digital Currency (CBDC) on the 1st of October, 2021, the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) has also released a set of guidelines that will ensure a coordinated roll-out of the state-backed digital currency (e-Naira). The guidelines are meant to show Nigerians how the e-Naira will regulate, designed, and issued.

Part of the guidelines shows that the e-naira digital currency will be accessible to both bank account and non-account holders. It will have a set limit on the value of transactions customers can carry out with it. Perhaps most importantly is the fact that the e-naira will have a legal tender and non-interest-bearing asset status.

The apex bank has moved quickly to create a wallet that will house the digital currency. Ultimately, the commercial banks and licensed operators will be responsible for creating wallets for the e-naira but the CBN is untaking this task at this stage in a bid to meet up the set date for the roll-out – which is October  1st, 2021. This wallet will “serve as a means to transact value, pending when banks and other innovators can provide their own wallets,” and will come in three tiers.

The first tier (Tier 1) will cater to Nigerians who do not have an existing bank account. This group will also have access to the digital currency but will have to tender their names, addresses, phone numbers, gender, place & date of birth, and a passport photograph. It also comes with a transaction limit of ₦50,000 daily and a cumulative balance of ₦300,000 fixed .

Read Also: e-Naira: CBN Ignores Local Fintechs, Partners With Foreign Firm For CBDC Rollout

The second tier (Tier 2) are for those who have an existing bank accounts. The minimum requirement for this level is a Bank Verification Number (BVN) and it comes with a transaction limit of ₦200,000 daily and a cumulative balance of ₦500,000. The last tier (Tier 3) also allows the BVN as its minimum requirement and has a daily transacting limit of up to ₦1,000,000 daily with the cumulative balance set at ₦5,000,000.

The launch of Nigeria’s CBDC will take palce in five phases. The first part of the e-naira rollout will be handled by the CBN. This will involve the issuing, distribution, redemption, as well as the destruction of the currency. The second phase will see commercial banks and other licensed financial institutions able to request currency or issue stablecoins. According to the guidelines, they will also “manage digital currency across branches, KYC, identify and AML compliance capability.”

The third phase will see the government “process digital payments sent to and received from citizens and businesses.” At the fourth stage are merchants who are expected to provide “low-cost payment and business management software, POS, remote payment solutions, online capabilities, transaction analysis and reconciliation.” The last stage, which is also known as the Retail Consumer Suite, will focus on the digital currency’s architecture.

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Business

Fidelity Bank appoints new board chairperson

Fidelity Bank Plc has appointed Amaka Onwughalu as its new board chairperson following the completion of the tenure of its former chairperson, Mustafa Chike-Obi.

In a Friday disclosure to the NGX, signed by the company secretary, Ezinwa Unuigboje, the bank said Mr Chike-Obi, a non-executive director and chair of the board, stepped down from the board on 31 December 2025 after completing his tenure, in line with the bank’s policy.

The bank said that under Mr Chike-Obi’s leadership, Fidelity Bank recorded significant growth across key financial indices, with the board successfully executing the bank’s strategy and achieving major milestones aligned with its long-term vision.

It added that the board and management expressed appreciation to Mr Chike-Obi for his contributions to the growth and development of the bank during his time on the board.

As part of its board succession planning policy and to ensure a smooth transition, the board approved the appointment of Mrs Onwughalu, an existing non-executive director, as chairperson of the board with effect from 1 January.

The bank said the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) has been formally notified of the appointment.

Mrs Onwughalu joined the board of Fidelity Bank on 17 December 2020. Before she was appointed chairman, she served as chairperson of the board credit committee and the board committee on bank capitalisation.

She is also a member of the board finance and general-purpose committee, the board remuneration, nomination and governance committee, and the board risk management committee, which she previously chaired.

The board said it was confident that Mrs Onwughalu would lead the board in the continued successful execution of the bank’s strategy, adding that the succession arrangement reflects Fidelity Bank’s strong corporate governance standards.

Mrs Onwughalu has over 30 years of banking experience, including more than 10 years in executive management across several financial institutions.

Her experience spans commercial banking, retail banking, treasury management, banking operations, and corporate banking.

She previously served as group managing director of the legacy Mainstreet Bank Limited, where she led the seamless integration of the bank with Skye Bank Plc.

She later served as deputy managing director at Skye Bank Plc until her retirement in July 2016.

She is currently the chief executive officer of Blueshield Financial Services Limited.

Mrs Onwughalu holds a bachelor’s degree in economics from the University of Buckingham, a master’s degree in corporate governance from Leeds Metropolitan University in the United Kingdom, and an MBA from the University of Port Harcourt.

She has attended leadership, executive and business development programmes at several global institutions, including INSEAD in France, IMD Business School in Switzerland, Judge Business School at the University of Cambridge, Columbia Business School in the United States, Stanford Graduate School of Business, Harvard Kennedy School, and the Institute of Directors in Nigeria.

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NCC, CBN’s move to end failed airtime, data transactions

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The Nigerian Communications Commission (NCC) and the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) have joined forces to introduce a unified framework aimed at curbing failed airtime recharges and data transactions on electronic platforms.

The initiative, announced last week, seeks to enforce accountability among telecom operators, payment processors, and financial institutions, ensuring that millions of subscribers get timely redress for failed or incomplete transactions.

The Centre for Digital Justice and Consumer Rights (CDJCR) has applauded the move, describing it as a landmark in consumer protection. In a statement on Monday, October 20, 2025, the group’s Executive Director, Dr Kenechukwu Opara, said the collaboration between the two regulators was long overdue.

“For far too long, consumers have borne the brunt of system failures that are neither their fault nor within their control,” Opara said.

Opara noted that failed recharges and data purchases are among the most frequent complaints by telecom users, with many left stranded due to delayed or unresolved reversals. The new framework, he said, would protect millions of Nigerians who rely on mobile platforms for daily microtransactions.

Consumers are not just users; they are the backbone of the telecom and financial systems. By ensuring that customers get full value for every recharge and data purchase, the NCC is not only protecting rights but also deepening trust in Nigeria’s cashless and digital inclusion policies,” he added.

The CDJCR praised the NCC’s Executive Vice Chairman, Dr Aminu Maida, for prioritising consumer welfare and for pushing a proactive regulatory agenda.

While commending the regulators, Opara urged them to go a step further by enforcing clear timelines, transparent processes, and strict sanctions against operators who fall short of agreed standards.

“We encourage both regulators to publish the service level expectations for all stakeholders — telecom operators, payment processors, and financial institutions — so that consumers know who to hold accountable when transactions fail,” he said.

The group also applauded the CBN for embedding consumer rights in its financial protection framework, especially for low-income Nigerians who depend heavily on digital services for daily payments.

Beyond telecoms, Opara argued that the NCC–CBN partnership should become a model for other sectors where technology, finance, and service delivery intersect.

“This kind of inter-agency collaboration shows that government institutions can truly work in the interest of citizens. What matters now is strict compliance and constant review of the framework to adapt to new technologies and emerging consumer issues,” he said.

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Business

Banks begin charging ₦6 per SMS for transaction alerts

Starting today, May 1, 2025, Nigerian banks will begin charging N6 for every SMS transaction alert, citing the recent hike in telecommunications service rates as the cause of the increase.

The new charge marks a 50% rise from the previous N4 per message, sparking concern among customers already grappling with inflation and rising living costs.

According to a report by Vanguard, the hike in SMS alert fees follows a green light from the Federal Government that allowed telecom providers to raise their tariff. Banks, in turn, are adjusting their service charges to reflect the change, despite the potential burden on users.

In an email sent to its customers, Guaranty Trust Bank (GTBank) wrote:

“Dear Valued Customer, please be informed that effective Thursday, May 1, 2025, the SMS transaction alert fee will increase from N4 to N6 per message. This adjustment is due to a recent increase in telecom rates as communicated by the telecommunication service providers.”

The bank emphasized the importance of SMS alerts in helping customers monitor account activity and prevent fraud, while also offering an opt-out option for those who prefer not to receive alerts via SMS. Customers are advised to update their preferences on the bank’s website. GTBank also noted that SMS alerts sent to international numbers would attract higher fees.

While some customers may consider switching to email or app notifications, the added cost to essential services has reignited conversations around the affordability and transparency of banking in Nigeria.

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